Natural Science 'Matter and forces' 3rd term

 

What is matter?

Matter is everything around us.

GENERAL PROPERTIES.

MASS                                                                                    VOLUME

The quantity of matter in an object.                                        The space an object occupies.

Instruments:                                                                            Instruments:

    * Scales.                                                                                * Measuring jugs.

    * Balances.                                                                            * Measuring cylinders.

How to calculate the volume of an object?

1- Put water in a measuring jug.

2- Put the object inside the jug.

3- Subtract the results.

Example: 

SPECIFIC PROPERTIES.

Some properties of matter mean it is good for making somethings but not others.

* Flexibility.

    - Flexible (cloth).

    - Rigid (wood).

* Resistance.

    - Resistant (brick).

    - Fragile (glass).

* Hardness.

    - Strong (steel).

    - Soft (plastic).

* Thermal conductivity.

    - Insulator (wood).

    - Conductor (metal).

FORCES

A force is a push or pull on an object.

We can classify them as: contact forces and non-contact forces (magnets and gravity).

* Forces can change how an object moves.

    - Change the speed.

    - Change the direction.

    - Cause that an object starts moving.

* Forces can change the shape of an object.

    - Elastic objects. They return to their original shape.

    - Rigid objects. Objects are broken when we apply a force.

    - Malleable objects. They change shape but don't return to their original shape.